Hemorrhoid Laser Treatment

Laser treatment is a modern minimally invasive method for treating internal hemorrhoids (usually grade II–III). Minimally invasive means that no tissue is removed. Compared to traditional surgical excision, recovery after laser treatment is significantly faster and pain is reduced.

LHP (Laser Hemorrhoidoplasty) — during the procedure, laser energy causes coagulation (closure) of blood vessels and controlled thermal damage to the tissue, resulting in shrinkage and reduction of the hemorrhoidal tissue.

HELP is a laser technology aimed at the arteries supplying blood to hemorrhoids. When the blood supply is interrupted, hemorrhoids gradually shrink on their own.

Laser treatment is indicated when hemorrhoids cause severe pain, itching, bleeding, or no longer respond to conservative treatment (e.g. creams, suppositories, or rubber band ligation). Because the laser works precisely in deeper tissue and does not damage the mucosa or anal canal, recovery is faster and less painful compared to traditional surgery.

How does hemorrhoid laser treatment work?

During the procedure, a thin laser fiber is inserted into the hemorrhoidal node through a small opening.

The laser energy:

• blocks the blood supply to the hemorrhoid;
• causes controlled thermal effect in the tissue;
• leads to shrinkage and regression of the hemorrhoidal tissue.

Advantages of laser treatment:

• preservation of anal anatomy and function;
• no damage to the rectal mucosa or sphincter;
• faster and less painful recovery compared to traditional surgery;
• lower risk of recurrence compared to conservative treatment;
• procedure duration is approximately 35–45 minutes.

When is hemorrhoid laser treatment needed?

Surgery is indicated if:

• previous treatments (ointments, rubber band ligation, or other minimally invasive methods) have not helped;
• the problem recurs after previous treatment;
• hemorrhoids prolapse with every bowel movement and do not reduce spontaneously;
• other treatment options are not suitable or possible;
• hemorrhoidal nodes are large and cause persistent discomfort.

What you need to know before the procedure?

• The procedure is performed under local or general anesthesia.
• You must arrive on an empty stomach. A light meal is allowed the evening before, after which you must not eat or drink. Fasting must be at least 6 hours.
• Bowel preparation is done using a Microlax rectal enema:
  • one the evening before surgery;
  • one on the morning of the procedure, at least 2 hours before arrival.
• If you are taking blood-thinning medications (e.g. aspirin, Marevan, Xarelto, Pradaxa, Eliquis, Lixiana), inform your doctor during the consultation.

What to know about recovery after laser treatment?

• Pain or pressure in the anal area may occur — pain relief medication will be provided if needed.
• Patients can usually go home the same day.
• After general anesthesia, you must not drive or make important decisions for 24 hours.
• A companion should accompany you home and stay with you on the first day.
• It is important to prevent constipation: drink plenty of fluids and eat a high-fiber diet. If needed, use osmotic laxatives such as Duphalac or Forlax.
• Mild to moderate bleeding may occur after the procedure, especially during bowel movements and sitting. This is temporary and usually resolves within 10–14 days.

Postoperative restrictions:

• avoid heavy physical work and sports for 14–21 days;
• avoid sexual activity for 3 weeks;
• avoid hot baths, sauna, and swimming for at least 3 weeks;
• avoid alcohol and smoking.

Contact a doctor immediately if:

• severe bleeding occurs;
• persistent fever or chills develop;
• severe pain not relieved by regular painkillers;
• difficulty urinating;
• inability to pass stool for 3 or more days.